Ohmic charging in capacitive deionization: Efficient water desalination using capacitive spacers

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a promising desalination technology based on electrosorption the surfaces of microporous electrodes. However, low total dissolved solids (TDS) in water restricts its efficacy. In this work, we develop theory capacitive spacers (CS) CDI. The investigations reveal mechanism that call ohmic charging; is, resistive losses spacer region drive adsorption CS. As consequence, obtained results show such can improve efficiency, especially at ion-starved conditions. also enhance charging rate electrodes because overall resistance lower when current pass material instead solution, through anions one side and cations other. Going deeper, major challenge; naturally discharges same timescale as electrode timescale. only fast matters with ionic content solutions, under these conditions CS are found to be superior. Put together, make significant difference, ion concentration or cycle times short.